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+---
+title: Restart Browser Helper
+type: runbook
+status: active
+created: 2026-07-22
+updated: 2026-07-22
+verified_on: 2026-07-22
+last_tested: 2026-07-22
+confidence: high
+tags: [runbook, browser, cua-driver, camofox]
+sources: []
+---
+
+# Restart Browser Helper
+
+## Purpose
+Restart the computer-use browser stack that Hermes uses for web automation, screenshots, and VNC/noVNC access.
+
+## Symptoms that match this runbook
+- Browser screenshots are failing
+- `cua-driver` MCP tools return errors
+- VNC/noVNC is unreachable on `5901` / `6081`
+
+## Prerequisites
+- Display helper already running: `Xvfb :99`, x11vnc on `127.0.0.1:5901`, noVNC at `127.0.0.1:6081`
+- `cua-driver` binary installed at `/home/hermes/.cua-driver/packages/releases/0.9.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/cua-driver`
+- Browser VM/desktop helper is expected but not mandatory
+
+## Procedure
+
+### 1. Inspect current browser helpers
+```bash
+ps aux | grep -E "cua-driver serve|x11vnc|fluxbox|vnc-watcher" | grep -v grep
+```
+
+### 2. Stop cua-driver only
+```bash
+pkill -f "cua-driver serve"
+```
+
+### 3. Start cua-driver
+```bash
+/home/hermes/.local/bin/cua-driver serve
+```
+Run in background or a tmux/screen session if needed.
+
+### 4. Verify ports remain available
+```bash
+nc -z 127.0.0.1 5901 && echo "x11vnc ok" || echo "x11vnc missing"
+curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" http://127.0.0.1:6081/
+```
+
+### 5. Restart full browser VM stack only if step 4 fails
+```bash
+pkill -f "Xvfb :99"
+pkill -f "x11vnc"
+pkill -f "fluxbox"
+/home/hermes/.local/bin/cua-driver serve
+```
+
+## Verification
+- `cua-driver serve` process is present in `ps`
+- `5901` and `6081` are reachable
+- No zombie accumulation in browser/desktop processes
+
+## Rollback
+- If browser automation is not mission-critical, skip full VM restart and continue without it
+- Do not stop gateway or dashboard unless necessary
+
+## Notes
+- This runbook assumes the standalone desktop helper is running separately from Hermes core
+- The browser backend path can work without browser automation; this stack is optional depending on task
+
+## Last tested
+2026-07-22
+
+## Related
+- [[browser-backend]]
+- [[restart-hermes]]